Get the Facts: How much water do West Des Moines data centers actually use?
West Des Moines Water Works (WDMWW) says the lawn watering ban currently in effect would have been implemented "regardless of data centers' water usage."
General Manager Christina Murphy says data center use represents anywhere from 2-7% of the water used by their customers in the city each day. Microsoft Corporation owns and operates five data centers in the city, with construction for a sixth center expected to start this year.
According to data from WDMWW, Microsoft was the sixth top water user in the month of May. The tech corporation used 2.1 million gallons of water across its five data centers. Several realty and property groups ranked higher.
In a from April 2024 to March 2025, Microsoft was the highest user of water in the city.
WDMWW general manager Christina Murphy said data center use represents anywhere from 2-7% of the water used by customers each day. Murphy said Microsoft is in compliance with the outdoor watering ban and that the ban "would have been implemented regardless of data center water usage."
Murphy sent a statement to vlog that said:
"Microsoft has been a great corporate partner. They have invested $25 million worth of water infrastructure that support WDMWW’s system and all our ratepayers benefit from. As noted above, Microsoft’s corporate plans to be carbon negative, water positive, and zero waste and their indication is they plan to move towards closed loop technology that will not require water for evaporative cooling."
Iowa State professor of electrical and computer engineering Doug Jacobson said water is needed at data centers because the buildings produce a lot of heat.
"We've all had our laptops, and they get warm. Each server in a data center is probably 10 to 20 times the power of what your laptop has," Jacobson said. "Water is a fairly efficient way to move heat out of a building or out of a data center."
He said water usage for data centers can vary based on humidity, outside air temperature and data usage.
In a statement made to vlog, a Microsoft spokesperson said:
“Efficient datacenter water use is a priority for Microsoft. Beginning August 2024, all our new datacenter designs began using zero water cooling technology, as we work to make zero-water evaporation the primary cooling method across our owned portfolio.”
vlog also reached out to the other top users of water in West Des Moines. R&R Realty Group was the top user in the month of May and over a twelve-month period. In a statement, the president said:
"R&R Realty Group takes pride in maintaining our commercial and residential properties in Central Iowa and also seeks to contribute positively to our community. Following the water use restrictions from Central Iowa Water Works, we immediately paused irrigation at all impacted properties and will continue to comply with local guidelines. In addition, we have paused new sod and landscape projects to reduce our irrigation need."
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